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Mesothelioma Mesothelioma is a type of cancer that develops within the protective linings surrounding organs like the abdomen and chest Most often asbestos exposure is the reason particularly for those who work in construction or industrial work Early diagnosis and treatment are essential to a good prognosis Patients with mesothelioma have better outcomes when they are diagnosed prior to the time the disease has been able to spread Causes Mesothelioma a cancerous tumor that forms in the tissue that lines the abdomen and chest is a rare disease In the majority of instances mesothelioma is malignant and is found in the lungs lining the pleura or the lining of the stomach and intestines the peritoneum It can also develop in other tissues such as the tissue that surrounds the heart pericardial mesothelioma and the testicles tunica vaginalis mesothelioma Mesothelioma is mostly caused by asbestos exposure Asbestos is made up of minerals in a group that contain microscopic fibers Asbestos was used in a range of industries such as shipbuilding insulation and construction Asbestos exposure may cause mesotheliomarelated symptoms for up to 40 years after the last exposure The most frequent symptom is difficulty breathing This is due to a buildup of fluid in the space between the lungs and chest wall Doctors can diagnose the disease through examining the medical records of a patient and conducting diagnostic tests They will determine if there is any history of exposure to asbestos and then examine the patients Xrays computed tomography CT scans and magnetic resonance imaging MRI A biopsy is the most common procedure used to determine mesothelioma pleural During this test doctors will take a small amount of the affected region to examine under the microscope A biopsy can be done using two different methods VATS Videoassisted thoracoscopic surgery a type of keyhole surgery or a needle thats inserted into the CT scan The signs and symptoms of mesothelioma resemble those of other cancers making it difficult to identify It is important to see an expert as soon as you notice any symptoms At the time mesothelioma gets diagnosed it is usually in an advanced stage This means that treatment options are limited Most lung mesothelioma patients die from complications such as pneumonia and respiratory failure Patients with mesothelioma that affects other organs like pericardial melothelioma or tunica vaginalis may die from complications affecting the bowel or heart lorain mesothelioma law firm of the symptoms of mesothelioma can be compared to those of other illnesses or conditions that is why it may be difficult for doctors to determine a diagnosis Patients might be asked about their exposure to asbestos They may also order an CT scan or chest Xray in order to look for problems in the chest and lungs The next step is typically the biopsy which is when doctors collect a small amount of tissue for testing of mesothelioma A biopsy can help identify whether the cancerous cells are malignant Pleural mesothelioma occurs in the lungs lining and the signs are typically shortness of breath and pain that get worse with time These symptoms can also be caused by fluid buildup in the lung pleural effusion Other signs of pleural mesothelioma include a bloody cough abdominal pain and swelling in the abdomen as well as fatigue weight loss and difficulty breathing Peritoneal Mesothelioma which is less frequent can cause symptoms such as abdominal pain nausea fatigue fever and abdominal pain Mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis area is not as common and may cause pain in the testicular region as well as a lump on the scrotum and loss of appetite If mesothelioma has spread into other areas of the body doctors will employ an array of tests and treatments to treat it They can use surgery chemotherapy treatment radiation therapy and immunotherapy to kill mesothelioma tumor cells or stop them from forming These treatments can be carried out in the hospital at home at a clinic or through the clinic A biopsy can also assist doctors to determine what kind of mesothelioma the patient has There are three primary mesothelioma cell types epithelioid most commonly used and Sarcomatoid second most prevalent and biphasic The most commonly used mesothelioma type is epithelioid They grow more slowly than other cancerous cells and are therefore more manageable Sarcomatoid cancer is more difficult to treat and can be spread quickly A person with mesothelioma should seek immediate treatment if they experience any symptoms It is vital to not defer an appointment because a misdiagnosis could stop them from receiving right treatments and give the cancer time to spread The odds of a person with mesothelioma who lives longer are higher if they receive aggressive treatment Diagnosis Mesothelioma is a rare cancer which is why it can be difficult to identify It can take doctors weeks or even months to identify a patient with a condition that requires treatment The doctor will also inquire about the patients asbestos exposure and when symptoms began The doctor could also request an imaging scan These tests can reveal areas of the chest cavity that are troublesome A biopsy is the most important test used to identify mesothelioma It involves taking one small portion of the tumor and then examining it using a magnifying glass The specialist doctor will be able to discern if the cancer is mesothelioma and what type it is There are three types sarcomatoid mixed biphasic or epithelioid The type of cell can affect how easily the cancer can be treated About 70 percent of mesothelioma patients have epithelioid cancer cells Sarcomatoid cancer cells are similar to those that are found in fibrous tissue They occur in about 30 of mesothelioma cases The most hazardous mesothelioma variant called mixed mesothelioma is when it is composed of epithelioid aswell as sarcomatoid cancer cells A blood test can be performed to determine if levels of osteopontin fibulin3 and soluble mesothelinrelated proteins are elevated in the body These substances are typically higher in mesothelioma sufferers than other people However the results of these tests dont establish or disprove the mesothelioma diagnosis The doctor can also order additional tests if mesothelioma diagnosis is made to determine how far the cancer spreads and how it affects the patients health A lung function test for instance will show how well the lungs function and help doctors decide whether surgery is a possibility Other tests include other tests like a CT scan or an MRI A PETCT scan is an amalgamation of an CT scan and a positron emission scanner that aids doctors in determining whether cancer has spread The doctor might also order an echocardiogram to look at the fluid buildup around the heart Treatment Patients with mesothelioma need to find the appropriate treatment for their condition Treatment options include chemotherapy surgery and radiation as well as immunotherapy Patients should consult an expert team at an experienced mesothelioma tumor center in their region to receive the highest quality of care that is possible Doctors can detect mesothelioma through physical examination laboratory tests and imaging scans A patient may be referred for more indepth testing or treatment options such as biopsy A biopsy is the removal of a small portion of tissue to be examined under microscope Mesothelioma a cancer develops in the mesothelium which is a layer of protective cells that covers organs within the abdomen and chest It can be spread to bloodstreams and then spread to other areas of the body where it could cause lifethreatening complications In addition to the biopsy doctors could conduct an CT scan or an MRI of the chest or abdomen These tests are used to determine the presence of mesothelioma or other diseases They can also show the impact of the tumor on the organs around it For instance mesothelioma affecting the lungs may also cause problems for the heart and intestines The blood tests can detect the presence of a substance in blood which indicates the presence of mesothelioma These tests arent always reliable and are not a substitute for a biopsy to diagnose mesothelioma The early detection of mesothelioma is crucial to increasing survival rates There are three types of mesothelioma in relation to the cells that are created Epithelioid is the most prevalent and responds better to treatment Biphasic and mesothelioma with sarcomatoid less responsive to treatment and have a worse prognosis The pleura is the lining that covers the lungs Pleural mesothelioma can be treated by doctors with either surgery or chemotherapy This type of mesothelioma can be treated with two distinct procedures extrapleural pneumonectomy EPP and pleurectomypericardiectomy PD Doctors can also use hyperthermic intraoperative chemotherapy or HIOC to decrease the likelihood that cancer will recur following surgery During HIOC doctors inject cancerfighting agents directly into the surgical area Then they rock the patient backwards and forwards to bathe the area in hot chemotherapy fluids
