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https://www.iampsychiatry.uk/adhd-treatment-for-adults/
click here and Comorbid Disorders Many people with ADHD also have comorbid disorders like major depression Kessler and colleagues 2006 Many patients are not responsive to medication for depression and may benefit from psychotherapy Treatments that are most effective in reducing core symptoms of ADHD appear to increase and balance levels of specific brain chemicals called neurotransmitters Drugs that stimulate the brain such as methylphenidate or amphetamine are often prescribed Medications Many medications that are used to treat ADHD in children can also be used on adults However the dosages differ and the medications can cause adverse effects that arent typical of children The doctor will look at the medical history family health history and other health conditions of the patient to determine which medication is most appropriate for the patient The most wellknown ADHD medication is a stimulant It works by altering the levels of norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain Stimulants such as methylphenidate also called Adderall and dextroamphetamine boost the supply of neurotransmitters that aid in improving concentration decrease impulsivity and reduce aggression They are available in a variety of forms including chewable tablets liquids and skin patches Longacting versions of these stimulants are more effective because they provide more patient compliance and lasting more smooth improvement in symptoms It is important to keep in mind that comorbid conditions like anxiety or depression may influence the response to ADHD medication It is therefore recommended that psychiatric disorders be treated first with medications be used as a secondary measure The medications that are used to treat comorbid psychiatric disorders include bupropion atomoxetine and tricyclic antidepressants Wilens 2004 Some patients might suffer from some patients may experience a rebound effect where their ADHD symptoms get worse after stopping stimulant medication In these instances a short trial of a low dose of stimulant medication could be beneficial Some people are unable take stimulant medications or use it due to drug misuse or other health conditions such as severe hypertension or heart problems In these situations nonstimulant medication such as atomoxetine Strattera and viloxazine Qelbree can be effective These medications dont cause the same adverse effects as stimulants and are less likely to be misused or misused Psychotherapy Psychotherapy talk therapy can be beneficial for people with ADHD It can help them gain strategies to improve their lives to manage anxiety and stress resolve conflicts and manage problems in relationships or at work It can also aid in the treatment of people with mental disorders that coexist such as depression and addiction disorders Talk therapies include cognitive behavioral therapy CBT mindfulnessbased cognitive therapy and schema therapy These therapies are based upon the notion that thoughts and beliefs influence how a person behaves thinks and feels CBT helps a person recognize negative behavior and thought patterns and then formulates and implements positive strategies to alter them Mindfulnessbased cognitive therapy uses techniques of meditation to help a person learn to focus on their thoughts and emotions control impulses and improve their executive functioning Schema therapy as well as other forms psychotherapy that focus on a persons family history may be helpful for people with ADHD Psychotherapy along with medication can assist with specific ADHD problems such as difficulties with schoolwork or interacting with others It can also help in forgetting important dates and responsibilities and making impulsive choices that could lead to legal and financial problems It can help a person overcome underlying issues such as depression and anxiety that may be contributing to their ADHD symptoms Psychotherapy can help people find healthy ways to cope and reduce stress For instance exercising improving sleep and healthy eating habits It can also offer support to an individual in the family or with a partner who is dealing with the effects ADHD affects their relationship Therapy for families and marriage helps couples and families learn how to communicate better and manage ADHD symptoms together Cognitive Behavioral Therapy CBT is a type of psychotherapy which focuses on helping clients to change their negative patterns of thinking It involves a dialogue based on skills with a mental health professional to address the root causes of the symptoms This treatment aims to assist clients overcome their difficulties and develop coping skills that are compatible with their daily routines In addition they teach clients to recognize unhelpful thoughts the therapists who specialize in adult ADHD CBT assist them in developing abilities that enable them to replace unhelpful thinking with more productive ones This process can take a while However its a good alternative for adults who do not receive enough relief from medications A recent RCT study found that when combined with medication CBT is superior to cognitive behavioral therapy alone in reducing the severity of the core symptoms emotional symptoms as well as selfesteem and social functioning of adults suffering from ADHD Clarke and colleagues 2017 The combination of CBT and methylphenidate is particularly effective for those who have more severe underlying problems The therapists that provide this kind of treatment usually collaborate with the client to create a detailed action plan for solving their issues They teach them a set of practical skills which are easy to learn and have a good chance of success Charts are typically utilized to track progress and to reward positive behavior For a child this might include a daily report that lists all the school activities or positive behaviors they must perform and a method of tracking and earning rewards Therapists can also talk about the possibility that negative consequences might be inflicted upon a child who isnt able to finish their work This can be done with care and support Metacognitive Therapy Metacognitive therapy is a brand new type of psychotherapy that assists people to change their thinking This kind of therapy can be beneficial for those who suffer from various mental health problems such as depression It is a kind of cognitive behavioral therapy which helps people recognize negative thought patterns and their effect on their moods This kind of therapy can assist them in acquiring psychological tools that are flexible and beneficial This study was designed to investigate the relationship between metacognitive skills and daily functioning among adults with ADHD To achieve this we compared the self and informantrated impairments in daily functioning with predictors of metacognition comprehensive knowledge regulation of cognition debugging information management and evaluation The results showed that comprehensive knowledge was linked to daily functioning among adults suffering from ADHD but not the processes that regulate The predictive ability of a model incorporating predictors of metacognition was moderate indicating that they can explain an important portion of the variation in the daily functioning of adults with ADHD Metacognitive Therapy MCT is an treatment that focuses on transforming dysfunctional metacognitive belief patterns that perpetuate mental states such as worry rumination and attention fixation MCT was created by Adrian Wells based on an information processing model developed by Wells and Gerald Matthews MCT has been shown to be effective in treating anxiety disorder However its still an emerging treatment and more research is required to determine if it could help with other disorders This study was created to evaluate the effectiveness of MCT in reducing symptoms of illness anxiety disorder however it can be applied to a variety of disorders and could be more effective than other treatments Its important to keep in mind that this isnt an effective treatment for ADHD but it could be employed as an adjunctive therapy Family Therapy In family therapy therapists work with all members of the family This allows everyone to understand the clients problems and to understand how to help their loved one better It also assists them in dealing with their frustrations and develop better communication skills This type of counseling could be utilized to treat other comorbidities such as addiction and depression that are commonly associated as a result of ADHD The therapist will start with an intake session to better understand the familys perception and determine if they are appropriate for family intervention This can be conducted either in person or online The therapist will discuss the nature of the therapy with each individual and set out the dos and donts of family therapy A therapist who has experience in treating adults with ADHD will ask a variety of questions in order to gain insight into the clients current symptoms their past and their impact on their work life and family life as well as relationships They will also ask if any other mental problems are present for example depression or anxiety Cognitive behavioral therapy is a type of counseling that helps you learn how to control your behavior and change negative patterns of thinking into positive ones It concentrates on improving your selfesteem and selfcontrol by teaching you techniques to cope with stress and anger This is a shortterm option that can be utilized in conjunction with other forms of psychotherapy Individual therapy can help people with ADHD to manage the emotional baggage that comes from underachievement and failure It can also help them deal with conflicts in relationships as well as job changes and academic challenges It can teach stress reduction and coping techniques as well as how to manage your finances and time It can be used to treat other comorbid conditions like anxiety and mood disorders that are often associated with ADHD
