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https://www.iampsychiatry.uk/adult-adhd-medication/

ADHD Medications and Treatments The primary drugs used to treat ADHD are stimulants They boost levels of neurotransmitters that help increase concentration and control impulses These include dextroamphetamine amphetamine and dex known by brand names like Adderall and methylphenidate and Lisdexamfetamine also known as Ritalin and Concerta Doctors may also prescribe antidepressants like Wellbutrin generic name bupropion for people with ADHD when stimulants arent effective or cause unacceptable negative side negative effects These medications target dopamine and norepinephrine within the brain Medication Drugs affect brain chemicals norepinephrine and dopamine that are essential for concentration and thinking Stimulants which are the most commonly used medication for ADHD can be effective when taken as directed But like all medications stimulants can trigger side effects Doctors and patients work together to determine the most effective dosage or combination of medication to minimize side effects Symptoms of ADHD can vary but they always include inattention and hyperactiveimpulsive behavior For children the symptoms typically start before age 12 and they persist throughout the adolescent years and into adulthood The symptoms can be mild moderate or even severe and could differ for boys and girls Boys and children assigned male at birth AMAB tend to show more hyperactiveimpulsive symptoms but the same behaviors can occur in girls and women A doctor can determine ADHD in the teen or child by following the American Psychiatric Associations guidelines for the disorder They will ask the child and parents about their symptoms and observe them in various environments To be diagnosed with adhd for adults medication a child must exhibit at least six signs that are present in more than one setting and must affect the childs development and functioning The symptoms must have begun before the age of 12 The majority of kids with ADHD are prescribed medication to treat their symptoms Doctors can prescribe stimulants based on amphetamine such as Adderall or the methylphenidate the ingredient in Ritalin Doctors may also prescribe nonstimulant treatments for ADHD like atomoxetine or bupropion These medications dont work as fast as stimulants however they can help reduce some of the disorders nagging adverse effects People who suffer from ADHD frequently suffer from other mental health issues including depression or another mood problem They are also more likely to develop addiction disorders These other problems can be treated with behavioral therapy which teaches children as well as adults how to better deal with ADHD Research shows that the combination of behavioral therapy and medication can improve the quality of life a person and reduce symptoms Certain teenagers and children do not respond well to ADHD medications so they may require a different drug or a lower dosage Clinical trials are ongoing to find the most effective treatment for adolescents and adults with ADHD Behavioral therapy For some the treatment for behavior might not require medication For these individuals a change in diet and lifestyle can help alleviate symptoms of ADHD They may also be able improve their organization skills by using reminders and alarms or by storing important items in designated places They can also use exercise and other activities that require physical movement to help channel energy instead of engaging in impulsive behavior Behavioral therapy is especially beneficial for children who suffer from ADHD It can teach parents effective parenting techniques and strategies to help their child deal with stress and other problems that could cause attention deficits Behavioral therapy helps children to learn to control their emotions improve their selfesteem and manage their behaviour at school To diagnose ADHD doctors will discuss the symptoms with the patient and observe their behavior in different situations They will also examine school records and questionnaires from relatives and teachers and other information about the person They will also rule out other illnesses and health conditions that have similar symptoms They will also apply ADHD rating scales and perform a medical exam The most frequently used drugs to treat ADHD are stimulants designed to increase brain activity in areas that regulate attention These include the prefrontal cortex and the basal Ganglia There are also nonstimulant drugs that can be used to treat ADHD These medications are thought to be less effective but safer than stimulants It can take a long time to treat ADHD It is essential to see your doctor regularly The symptoms of ADHD can be a problem with relationships work and school If left untreated it can lead to depression low selfesteem eating disorders poor diet and alcohol or drug addiction You should also talk to your doctor if a medication that was previously effective isnt having the same effect or causing side effects It is important to inform your doctor about any other medications youre taking as some may interact with certain ADHD medications Counseling Counseling can help adults and children with ADHD deal with the problems they face each day Counselors can teach them how to keep track of appointments utilize calendars and date books and create realistic goals for themselves Counseling can also help improve relationships and reduce conflict Mental health professionals can educate parents about the disorder and help them develop skills attitudes or ways to relate to their children Counseling can help adult patients organize their lives and enhance the efficiency of their jobs They can learn strategies to stay focused on their work like breaking down large tasks into smaller steps that are easier to manage and practice coping with anger anxiety and frustration Psychotherapy can help adults gain confidence and manage reckless and impulsive behaviors In addition to counseling many adults find it helpful to take advantage of other treatments The stimulants can cause negative effects on the body such as jitteriness and sleep disturbances therefore they should only be taken according to the prescription People suffering from ADHD must be honest with their doctors and inform them that they are experiencing difficulties with certain medications Most doctors prescribe the stimulant methylphenidate also known as MPH to treat ADHD This drug boosts levels of neurotransmitters within the brain which affect attention and behavior This drug is available in immediaterelease as well as extendedrelease form The longeracting versions are slowly absorbed into the bloodstream and then wear off gradually This minimizes the crash caused by a drugs level dropping Certain nonstimulant medications like the antidepressant atomoxetine or bupropion also can be beneficial for adults suffering from ADHD They work slower than stimulants and could be a better choice for those who cannot take them due to other health issues or severe side effects Many people with ADHD also suffer from anxiety or depression In these cases doctors will often prescribe an antidepressant or an antianxiety drug along with the ADHD medication They will keep in mind how the drugs could interact or clash with one another and they will monitor for any signs of a potentially dangerous adverse effects Other treatment options ADHD can be treated with a variety of medications They are all designed to increase the levels of norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain This helps people focus better and improves their ability to concentrate and remember These medications include stimulants and nonstimulants The most frequently prescribed medication to treat ADHD are stimulants Although stimulants work for many people they may cause adverse negative effects Some of these side effects can be serious Your doctor can help find the right dose of medication for your requirements They may also suggest alternative treatments that can minimize or eliminate side effects The two most popular types of stimulants for ADHD are methylphenidate and dextroamphetamine These medications are sold under a variety of brand names including Adderall and Ritalin They are available as extendedrelease and shortacting preparations Shortacting medicines can last up to 34 hrs and are usually taken twice or three times a day Extendedrelease medications are typically taken every day and can last as long as 16 hours Many adults supplement an extended release medication in the morning with a shorteracting dose late in the afternoon or evening in order to fill the gap between the medicine wearing off and the next dose Stimulants can cause nausea and changes in blood pressure and heart rate They may also make people feel more stressed and angry than they usually do They can also make tics more severe or increase their frequency They may also cause a slight growth delay in some adolescents and children however its only temporary and does not alter the final height They can also lead to weight gain and increase appetite They may also cause an increase in blood cholesterol levels in certain people Some antidepressants are also sometimes utilized offlabel for treating ADHD The most popular is bupropion Wellbutrin that is a neurotransmitter stimulant that increases norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain It can be especially helpful for people who have both ADHD and anxiety or depression It may be beneficial in the event that stimulants dont work when they are tolerated or abused or if a substance abuse disorder is present