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https://www.iampsychiatry.uk/adult-adhd-medication/
How Does ADHD Medication Work When a neuron transmits an electrical signal to another it utilizes chemicals known as neurotransmitters These need to traverse a small gap which is known as the synapse Certain ADHD medications can make the passing along of these messages more effective They either help neurons release more neurotransmitters or slow down the reuptake process called reuptake inhibitors Doctors place patients with ADHD with a low dose of medication and then monitor their responses They adjust the dosage over time to find an sweet spot the lowest dose that provides an immediate improvement in symptoms and minimal side effects Methylphenidate Methylphenidate is the primary kind of medication that doctors typically attempt to assist children with ADHD It helps by increasing the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine that is present in the brains of children which help them focus and pay attention It also reduces the impulsivity and hyperactivity of children It is important to remember that methylphenidate must only be used under an appointment with a doctor since it is a controlled drug The most commonly used methylphenidate medicine is Ritalin It is available in tablets that release immediately as well as chewable tablets and capsules Some versions of this medication contain artificial sweeteners such as aspartame which may be dangerous for people with Phenylketonuria an inherited condition that causes severe intellectual disability Tell your provider if you or your child suffer from food allergies Researchers have discovered that methylphenidate may reduce abnormal activity especially in the nucleus of accumbens and also a network of brain networks involved in regulating adaptive control This is the reason why methylphenidate is one of the most effective drugs to treat ADHD Side effects of stimulants include headaches nausea insomnia anxiety agitation the tics and agitation These are rare but they could be serious If you experience any of them you should call your doctor immediately Tell your doctor about any allergies heart diseases depression bipolar disorders other mental health conditions like glaucoma seizures or glaucoma Also inform them whether your child or you have a history of It is crucial to take your methylphenidate in accordance with the prescription of your doctor Amphetamines Amphetamines speed up messages between brain cells They can help you concentrate your thoughts and stay clear of distractions These are the most commonly prescribed drugs for treating ADHD in both children and adults They increase the levels neurotransmitters norepinephrine and dopamine in your brain adult add medication come in shortacting immediate release and intermediate or longacting versions They can be taken orally and also via injection Some people have a difficult time with the side effects of stimulant medication like sleeplessness insomnia or increased heart rate and blood pressure Your doctor will observe the symptoms and adjust the dosage to find the best one for you Some people may require multiple prescriptions to get the desired results The effects of stimulants are primarily on two neurotransmitters located in the prefrontal cortex This is the part of the brain that regulates emotions and governs your behavior These drugs are prescribed to treat a wide range of mental health disorders that include ADDADHD as well as other ailments like bipolar disorder narcolepsy and eating disorders The most common kinds of stimulant drugs are amphetamines and methylphenidates The FDA has approved dozens brandname stimulants to treat ADHD They come in different forms from shortacting to longacting They are injected either by injection or orally Amphetamines can be abused by teenagers who take them to keep awake and study for exams as well as by truck drivers and students that require more energy for endurance sports Amphetamines can cause psychological and physical problems when used improperly especially in higher doses ADHD can be treated with nonstimulant medications They include atomoxetine and clonidine and Guanfacine They are in the same class as antidepressants and belong to the norepinephrinedopamine reuptake inhibitors and alpha2 adrenergic agonists classes They are based on the same chemicals as stimulants but are less likely to cause tics worse and cause problems for people with Tourettes syndrome Shortacting stimulants These medications are used to treat teenagers and children with ADHD These medications can be taken orally or applied to the skin They come in pills that can be chewed or swallowed and capsules that can be opened and sprinkled onto food items as well as liquids and patches They are typically only available on prescription These include methylphenidate brand names Ritalin Concerta Focalin Daytrana andamphetamines Adderall Dexedrine Vyvanse Shortacting stimulants have a rapid effect and last from 3 and 6 hours These drugs relieve symptoms in 7080 of adults and children with ADHD They reduce fidgeting interrupting and make it easier to complete your tasks They can also improve academic performance and relationships They cant correct the root issues that are the cause of ADHD Its crucial to combine the two therapies with behavior therapy Its also important to recognize that ADHD medications can have adverse effects You may feel drowsy or cranky You may also feel sleepy These effects are usually minimal and disappear as soon as the medication is gone from your system Your doctor might advise you to start with a smaller dosage and gradually increase it They will monitor you or your child to see whether there are any issues with the medication It may take time to find the appropriate dosage and medication for you or your child It is best to be honest with your health care providers and communicate clearly They may suggest changes to the frequency you or your child take the medication or if its needed at all They will also want to know whether you or your child has any other mental or medical ailments Intermediate stimulants Stimulants are used to treat ADHD symptoms by altering the activity of key neurotransmitters in the brain This can increase the levels of norepinephrine and dopamine two substances that are important for the prefrontal cortical region of the brain Think of it as your secretary in the executive function part of your brain Stimulant medication is efficient for the majority of ADHD children Your doctor can help you determine the right dosage and medication for you You may have to try several different types of medication before you find the one that is suitable for you or your children You can take these stimulants in chewable tablets or liquid form These drugs work quickly and last three to four hours The crash effect occurs when the medicine wears out It is characterized by a sudden decrease in energy levels and extreme hunger There are also stimulants that act longlastingly like dexamfetamine and Lisdexamfetamine These are a little more complicated and require a prescription They are injected into the bloodstream and then change from inactive to active in red blood cells It can take time to find the correct dosage medication and schedule for your child or yourself Your doctor will observe your reaction to the medication and will look for any signs of trouble such as trouble sleeping They will also advise you about medications that are not stimulant if you or your child arent responding well to stimulants Never stop or change your ADHD medication without first consulting your physician Its also important to tell your doctor about any prescription supplements and medications youre taking because certain of them may interact with other ADHD medication Longacting stimulants Stimulant medicines are effective for 70 to 80 percent of children and adults with ADHD aiding in cutting the amount of hyperactivity interruptions fidgeting impulsivity and fidgeting They can also increase focus and help people finish tasks and maintain relationships They cant help with moodiness or other nagging symptoms They can also cause adverse effects like loss of appetite insomnia and jitteriness They may also cause stomachaches changes in the heart rhythm and high blood pressure These drugs work in phases to treat ADHD symptoms all day long Most of these drugs begin to work in 30 to 60 minutes and fade after 3 to 6 hours They can be used by themselves or in conjunction with other forms of ADHD treatment such as behavioral therapy Some of these longacting stimulants including atomoxetine Intuniv and Guanfacine Strattera can be used all night long and last until the next day Some doctors suggest using them to fill up an afternoon trough so that patients do not require a second dose of medication at school or after school Longacting stimulants do not increase dopamine levels as rapidly as short or intermediateacting drugs yet they boost their levels significantly They dont have the same effects on rebound as stimulants that have shorteracting effects Due to the possibility of side effects longacting stimulants are typically prescribed as a secondline treatment for adults and older teens suffering from ADHD But they can be used as a firstline treatment option for certain people with ADHD who havent responded to other medications While medication can aid in improving concentration and selfcontrol however its not the only option for people suffering from ADHD With the help of healthy eating habits regular sleep and other selfhelp techniques it is often possible to reduce or even eliminate the necessity for ADHD medication
