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Mesothelioma Mesothelioma is a type of cancer that develops within the protective linings surrounding organs such as the chest and abdomen It is often caused through exposure to asbestos particularly for those working in industrial or construction work Early diagnosis and treatment is crucial for a successful prognosis Patients suffering from mesothelioma will have better outcomes if they are diagnosed before the disease has spread Causes Mesothelioma is a type of cancer that develops in the tissue that lines the chest and abdomen The most common form of malignant mesothelioma can be found in the tissues of the lungs stomach and intestines However it can also manifest in other tissues such as the tissue that surrounds the heart pericardial mesothelioma and the testicles tunica vaginalis mesothelioma Asbestos exposure is the main reason for mesothelioma Asbestos is minerals in a group that contain microscopic fibers Asbestos was once used widely in a variety of industries such as construction insulation and shipbuilding The people who have been exposed to asbestos could develop mesothelioma symptoms up to 40 years after their last exposure to asbestos The most frequent symptom of mesothelioma is difficulty breathing This is caused by a buildup in the space between lungs and the chest wall The doctors can diagnose mesothelioma after looking over a patients medical history and doing diagnostic tests They will examine the patients Xrays computedtomography CT and magnetic resonance imaging scans MRI to determine whether there is any evidence of exposure to asbestos A biopsy is the most common method used to detect pleural mesothelioma In this test doctors remove a small sample of the affected region to examine under the microscope A biopsy is performed by using two methods one of which is VATS also known as a keyhole surgery A needle inserted through the CT scan Mesothelioma is often difficult to identify because the symptoms and signs are similar to other types of Its important to consult an expert whenever you notice any signs When mesothelioma first gets diagnosed its usually in an advanced stage Treatment options are limited Most patients who have mesothelioma of the lung die from complications of the disease such as pneumonia and respiratory failure A smaller percentage of patients suffering from mesothelioma that affects other organs like those who suffer from pericardial or tunica vaginalisrelated mesothelioma die due to complications of the heart or bowels Signs and symptoms Many of the signs and symptoms of mesothelioma are similar to those of other diseases or conditions that is why it may be difficult for doctors to make a diagnosis Patients might be asked about their exposure to asbestos They can also order an CT scan or chest Xray to check for issues in the lungs and chest The next step is typically the biopsy which is when doctors take a small sample for the purpose of testing mesothelioma A biopsy can aid in determining whether or not the cancer cells are malignant The lining of the lung is affected by pleural mesothelioma which can cause pain and shortness of breath that can get worse as time passes Fluid buildup in the lungs pleural effusion could cause these symptoms as well Other symptoms of pleural mesothelioma include coughing up blood abdominal pain and abdominal swelling weight loss fatigue and difficulty breathing Peritoneal Mesothelioma which is less common triggers symptoms like nausea abdominal pain fatigue and fever The mesothelioma that is less wellknown is in the tunica vaginalis that can cause testicular pain as well as a lump on the scrotum as well as loss of appetite The doctors will treat mesothelioma in the event that it has spread to other parts of the body They will make use of a combination tests and treatments They can use surgery as well as chemotherapy and radiation therapy as well as immunotherapy to kill mesothelioma cancer cells or stop them from growing The treatments can be provided in the hospital at home or through an outpatient clinic A biopsy may also help doctors determine what type of mesothelioma a patient has There are three main mesotheliomarelated cell types epithelioid biphasic and sarcomatoid Epithelioid cells are the most common and tend to grow slower than other cancer cells which makes them more manageable Sarcomatoid cancer is more difficult to cure and can grow rapidly A patient with mesothelioma needs to seek immediate treatment if they experience any of the symptoms It is imperative that they seek treatment immediately if they notice any signs A misdiagnosis can prevent them from receiving the correct treatment and prolong cancer time to develop The chances of someone with mesothelioma who lives longer are better when they undergo aggressive treatment Diagnosis It can be difficult to diagnose mesothelioma because it is a rare type of cancer It could take doctors weeks or even months to identify a patient suffering from an illness that requires treatment The doctor will inquire about the patients asbestos exposure and the date when symptoms started The doctor may request an imaging scan These tests can help to identify areas where there is a problem with the lungs and chest cavity A biopsy is the main test used to determine mesothelioma This involves taking one small portion of the tumor and then examining it under a magnifying glass The specialist doctor will be able determine if its mesothelioma and also what kind it is There are three kinds of mesothelioma epithelioid sarcomatoid and mixed biphasic The type of the cell is important because it determines the ease of the tumor to treat Epithelioid cells are among the most prevalent and are found in around 70 percent of mesothelioma cases Sarcomatoid cancer cells are like those found in fibrous tissue They are found in 30percent of mesothelioma cases The most hazardous form of mesothelioma mixed mesothelioma is when it is composed of epithelioid as well as sarcomatoid cancer cells Blood tests can be performed to determine whether the levels of fibulin3 soluble mesothelin and related proteins as well as osteopontin are elevated These substances are higher in mesothelioma patients than in the general population However the results of these tests do not provide proof or disprove a mesothelioma diagnosis If a mesotheliomarelated diagnosis is made the doctor may also request other tests to determine how far the cancer has spread and how its affecting the patients overall health A lung function test for example will reveal how well the lungs work and help doctors decide whether surgery is an option Other tests that could be conducted include other tests that can be performed include CT scan an MRI or a PETCT scan A PETCT scan combines the CT scan with a positron emission tomography scanner which helps doctors determine if the cancer has spread and where it is located The doctor may also recommend an ultrasound to check for any accumulation of fluid in the heart Treatment Mesothelioma patients have to find the right treatment for their particular diagnosis Treatment options include radiation chemotherapy and immunotherapy To receive the highest quality treatment patients must collaborate with a team of experts at an experienced mesothelioma center in their locality Doctors can diagnose mesothelioma by physical examination as well as laboratory tests and scans A patient may be taken to a specialist for more detailed tests or treatments like the biopsy A biopsy is the removal of a tiny piece of tissue to be examined under a microscope Mesothelioma is a cancerous growth that develops in the mesothelium a protective layer of cells that protects organs located on the abdomen and chest is a cancer It can grow into bloodstreams and then spread to other parts of the body In these instances it could lead to lifethreatening complications In the event of a biopsied doctors can also do a CT scan of the abdomen or chest These tests use imaging to determine the presence of mesothelioma as well as other diseases They can also determine how the tumor is affecting surrounding organs like how mesothelioma that is located in the lungs affects the intestines and heart Blood tests can identify mesothelioma by detecting a substance present in the blood However these tests are not always accurate and they cannot replace a mesothelioma biopsy Mesothelioma can be detected in the early stages which is important to increase the odds of survival There are three mesothelioma types depending on the type of cells that form Epithelioid mesothelioma the most prevalent and is responsive to treatment wilmington mesothelioma law firm and Sarcomatoid mesothelioma are less susceptible to treatment and have a worse prognosis The Pleura is the lining which covers the lungs Pleural mesothelioma can easily be treated by a doctor using chemotherapy or surgery Two surgeries are offered for this type of mesothelioma extrapleural pneumonectomy EPP and pleurectomy accompanied by pericardiectomy PD Doctors can also use hyperthermic intraoperative chemotherapy also known as HIOC to decrease the possibility that cancer will recur following surgery During HIOC doctors inject cancerfighting drugs directly into the surgical area Then they rock the patient in a forward and backward motion to bathe the area in hot chemotherapy fluids
