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Mesothelioma Mesothelioma a tumor that is cancerous that affects the linings of organs such as the chest and abdomen is caused by exposure to asbestos Most often asbestos exposure is the cause particularly for those who work in construction or industry Early diagnosis and treatment are essential to a positive prognosis If mesothelioma is diagnosed early patients have a better chance of surviving Causes Mesothelioma is a type of cancer that develops in the tissue that runs along the abdomen and chest Mesothelioma that is malignant is typically found in the tissues of the lungs stomach intestines and lungs But it can also occur in other tissues such as the tissue that surrounds the heart pericardial mesothelioma and the testicles tunica vaginalis mesothelioma Mesothelioma is mostly caused by asbestos exposure Asbestos is minerals in a group that contain microscopic fibers Asbestos was previously used extensively in a variety of industries including shipbuilding insulation and construction Anyone exposed to asbestos can develop symptoms of mesothelioma up to 40 years after their first exposure to the material The most common indication is breathing difficulties This is due to a buildup in the lungs space and the chest wall Doctors can identify the disease by looking at the medical records of patients and conducting diagnostic tests They will check for any evidence of exposure to asbestos and look at the patients Xrays and computed tomography CT scans and magnetic resonance imaging MRI A biopsy is the principal procedure used to diagnose mesothelioma pleural During the test doctors will collect a small amount of tissue from the affected area to study under an microscope A biopsy can be done by using two methods such as VATS Videoassisted thoracoscopic surgery a type of keyhole surgery or a needle thats inserted through the CT scan Mesothelioma is often difficult to identify because the symptoms and signs are similar to other diseases This is why its important to visit a doctor for any signs that worry you When mesothelioma is diagnosed it is usually in an advanced stage This means that treatment options are limited Most patients who have mesothelioma of the lung die from complications of the disease including pneumonia and respiratory failure A lesser proportion of patients with mesothelioma affecting other organs like those who have pericardial or tunica vaginalis mesothelioma die from complications affecting the heart or their bowels Signs and symptoms The symptoms of mesothelioma resemble the symptoms of other conditions or illnesses and it is difficult for doctors to determine an accurate diagnosis Patients may be asked about their exposure to asbestos tucson mesothelioma lawsuit may also request an Xray of the chest or CT scan to identify problems with the lungs and chest A biopsy is typically the next step It is where doctors take a small sample of mesothelioma tissues for testing A biopsy can be used to determine whether the cancerous cells are malignant The lining of the lungs is affected by pleural mesothelioma which can cause pain and shortness of breath that can get worse over time A buildup of fluid in the lungs pleural effusion can contribute to these symptoms as well Other signs of pleural mesothelioma include bloody coughing abdominal pain and swelling in the abdomen weight loss fatigue and difficulty breathing Peritoneal Mesothelioma is less frequent can cause symptoms such as abdominal pain nausea fatigue and fever The mesothelioma that is less wellknown is in the tunica vaginalis that can cause testicular pain a lump on the scrotum as well as loss of appetite If mesothelioma is spreading to other parts of the body doctors will make use of a combination of treatments and tests to treat it It is possible to use chemotherapy radiation therapy and immunotherapy to end or slow the growth of mesothelioma The treatments can be provided in the hospital at home or through an outpatient clinic A biopsy can assist doctors determine the type of mesothelioma that the patient is suffering from There are three types of mesothelioma cells epithelioid most frequent sarcomatoid second most frequent and biphasic Epithelioid cells are the most common and tend to grow slower than other cancerous cells which makes them less difficult to treat Sarcomatoid mesothelioma is harder to treat and can quickly spread A patient with mesothelioma must seek immediate treatment if they experience any signs or symptoms It is imperative that they seek treatment right away if they notice any signs An incorrect diagnosis can stop them from receiving the correct treatment and give cancer more time People with mesothelioma who receive intensive treatment have a better chance of living longer Diagnosis Mesothelioma is a rare cancer that is difficult to identify It can take weeks or months for doctors to work out that a patient is suffering from an illness that requires treatment The doctor will also inquire about the patients asbestos exposure and the time when symptoms started The doctor may also request an imaging scan These tests can reveal areas of the chest cavity that are problematic The most common test to determine mesothelioma is the biopsy which involves removing a sample of the tumor and then examining it under microscope The specialist doctor who examines the tumor will be able to tell whether its mesothelioma as well as the type of mesothelioma that it is There are three types sarcomatoid mixed biphasic or epithelioid The type of the cell is important because it determines the ease of the tumor to treat Epithelioid cell types are the most prevalent and are found in approximately 70 percent of mesothelioma patients Sarcomatoid cancer cells are similar to the ones found in fibrous tissue They are present in 30 percent of mesothelioma cases Mixed mesothelioma can be the most deadly because it contains both epithelioid and sarcomatoid cell types A blood test can be used to determine whether levels of osteopontin fibulin3 and soluble mesothelin peptides that are elevated in the body These substances are generally higher in mesothelioma patients than in other people The results of these tests are not conclusive in the confirmation or disproof of a mesothelioma diagnose If a mesothelioma diagnosis has been made the doctor may be able to request additional tests to work out how far the cancer has spread and how it is affecting the patients overall health A lung function test for example will reveal how well the lungs work and help the doctor decide if surgery is an option Other tests include the CT scan or MRI A PETCT scan combines an CT scan with a positron emission scanner which can help doctors find out if the cancer has spread and where its situated A doctor might also request an ultrasound scan to look for fluid accumulation around the heart Treatment Patients with mesothelioma have to determine the best treatment for their condition Treatment options include surgery chemotherapy radiation and immunotherapy To receive the highest quality treatment patients should work with a team of experts at an experienced mesothelioma clinic in their locality Doctors can diagnose mesothelioma with physical examination as well as laboratory tests and scans Patients may be referred to a specialist for more thorough tests or treatment options such as a biopsies A biopsy is the removal of a small portion of tissue to be examined under a microscope Mesothelioma a cancerous growth that develops in the mesothelium a protective layer of cells that protects organs on the abdomen and chest is a cancer It can grow into bloodstreams and travel to other parts of the body and there it could lead to lifethreatening complications In the event of a biopsied doctors can also conduct a CT scan of the abdomen or chest These imaging tests are used to detect the signs of mesothelioma or other diseases They can also determine how the tumor is affecting surrounding organs like how mesothelioma found in the lungs affects the heart and intestines Blood tests can detect mesothelioma by looking for a substance found in blood These tests arent always accurate and they are not a substitute for a biopsy to diagnose mesothelioma Mesothelioma can be detected in the early stages and can improve survival rates There are three kinds of mesothelioma based on the kind of cells that make up Epithelioid is by far the most popular type that responds well to treatment Biphasic and Sarcomatoid mesothelioma are less responsive to treatment and have a lower prognosis Malignant pleural melanoma is found in the lining of the lungs called the pleura Pleural mesothelioma can be treated by doctors using either chemotherapy or surgery Two surgeries are available to treat mesothelioma that is this type extrapleural pneumonectomy EPP and pleurectomy accompanied by pericardiectomy PD Doctors can also utilize hyperthermic intraoperative chemotherapy also known as HIOC to reduce the likelihood that cancer will recur after surgery During HIOC doctors inject cancerfighting drugs directly into surgical site Then they roll the patient in a forward and backward motion to bathe the site in hot chemotherapy fluids
