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Mesothelioma Mesothelioma is a type of cancer that develops in the linings of protection around organs such as the chest and abdomen The majority of the time exposure to asbestos is the cause particularly for those working in construction or industrial jobs Early diagnosis and treatment are essential for a successful prognosis If mesothelioma can be detected early and treated promptly patients will have a better chance of survival Causes Mesothelioma is a form of cancer that forms in the tissue that surrounds the chest and abdomen Malignant mesothelioma is most often found in the tissues of the lungs stomach intestines and lungs It can also develop in other tissues like the tissue that surrounds the heart pericardial mesothelioma and the testicles tunica vaginalis mesothelioma The exposure to asbestos is the primary cause of mesothelioma Asbestos is a class of minerals that are composed of thin microscopic fibers Asbestos was widely employed in various industries including shipbuilding construction and insulation Asbestos exposure can trigger mesothelioma symptoms 40 years after the last exposure The most frequent symptoms is difficulty breathing This is due to a buildup in the lungs space and the chest wall Doctors can diagnose mesothelioma through studying a patients medical record and performing diagnostic tests They will review the patients Xrays computedtomography CT and magnetic resonance imaging scans MRI to determine if there is a history of exposure to asbestos A biopsy is the main procedure to diagnose pleural mesothelioma In the course of the test doctors will take a small portion of tissue from the affected area to examine under a microscope A biopsy can be carried out by using two methods such as VATS a type of keyhole surgery A needle is inserted through the CT scan The signs and symptoms of mesothelioma are comparable to those of other illnesses making it difficult to recognize Its important to consult a physician whenever you notice any symptoms When mesothelioma first gets diagnosed its often in an advanced stage Treatment options are limited Patients with lung mesothelioma are most likely to die from complications including pneumonia and respiratory failure Patients with mesothelioma that affects other organs like pericardial melothelioma or tunica vulginalis can be afflicted by complications affecting the bowel or the heart Signs and symptoms A lot of the symptoms of mesothelioma can be compared to the symptoms of other diseases or conditions so it can be difficult for doctors to establish an accurate diagnosis They may begin by asking patients about their experiences of exposure to asbestos They may also order an CT scan or chest Xray to check for any issues with the lungs and chest The next step is usually the biopsy which is when doctors will take a small portion of the patients blood for the purpose of testing mesothelioma A biopsy can be used to determine if the cancerous cells are malignant Pleural mesothelioma can develop in the lungs lining and the signs are typically discomfort and shortness of breath which gets worse over time Fluid buildup in the lungs pleural effusion can cause these symptoms as well Other symptoms of pleural Mesothelioma include bloody coughing abdominal swelling weight loss fatigue and difficulty breathing Peritoneal mesothelioma is not as common and it typically causes symptoms like abdominal pain vomiting fatigue and fever Mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis is not as common and may cause pain in the testicular area and a lump in the scrotum and loss of appetite Doctors will treat mesothelioma if it has spread to other parts of the body They will use the combination of tests and treatments They can use surgery as well as chemotherapy treatment radiation therapy and immunotherapy to kill mesothelioma cells or keep them from growing The treatments can be provided in a hospital at home or through the clinic A biopsy can also assist doctors to determine which mesothelioma type the patient has There are three main mesothelioma cell types epithelioid and sarcomatoid and biphasic Epithelioid mesothelioma cells are the most prevalent and grow faster than other cancer cells so they are less difficult to treat Sarcomatoid cancer is more difficult to treat and is prone to spreading rapidly A patient with mesothelioma must seek immediate treatment if they exhibit any symptoms It is important that they do not delay a diagnosis because misdiagnosis can prevent them from getting the proper treatment and allow the cancer a longer time to grow The chances of someone with mesothelioma who lives longer is increased when they receive a more aggressive treatment Diagnosis Mesothelioma is a rare cancer so it can be difficult to identify It could take doctors weeks or even months to determine if a patient has a condition that requires treatment The doctor will also ask about the patients exposure to asbestos and the date when symptoms started The doctor may also request an imaging scan These tests can help to identify areas where there is a issue in the lungs or chest cavity The main test used to detect mesothelioma involves a biopsy which involves taking a sample of the tumor and examining it under microscope The specialist doctor will tell if its mesothelioma and what type it is There are three kinds of mesothelioma epithelioid sarcomatoid and mixed biphasic The cell type is important because it determines the ease of the tumor to treat Around 70 percent of mesothelioma patients are epithelioid cancer cells Sarcomatoid cells are similar to those in fibrous tissue and are found in the remaining 30 percent of mesothelioma victims Mixed mesothelioma is the most dangerous as it has both epithelioid and sarcomatoid cell types A blood test can be used to determine if the levels of fibulin3 osteopontin and soluble mesothelin peptides that are elevated in the body These substances are higher in mesothelioma compared to the general population However the results of these tests cannot establish or disprove the mesothelioma diagnosis If a mesothelioma diagnosis is confirmed the doctor could be able to request additional tests to work out how far the cancer has spread and how its affecting the patients overall health A lung function test for example will show how well the lungs work and aid doctors in deciding if surgery is a viable option Other tests include a CT scan or an MRI A PETCT scan combines a CT scan with a positron emissions tomography scanner which helps doctors determine if the cancer has spread and where its located The doctor might also recommend an echocardiogram to look at the the amount of fluid that has accumulated around the heart Treatment Patients suffering from mesothelioma must determine the best treatment for their condition Treatment options include radiation chemotherapy and immunotherapy Patients should work with experts from an experienced mesothelioma tumor center in their region to receive the best treatment possible Doctors can detect Mesothelioma with physical examinations laboratory tests and imaging scans A patient may be referred for more indepth tests or treatment options such as a biopsies A biopsy is the removal of a tiny piece of tissue to be examined under a microscope Mesothelioma a cancerous growth which occurs in the mesothelium a protective layer of cells that covers organs in the abdomen and chest is a type of cancer It can also spread into bloodstreams and then spread to other parts of the body where it can cause serious complications In the event of a biopsied doctors can also perform a CT scan of the chest or abdomen These tests can be used to detect signs of mesothelioma or other conditions They also can show the effect of the tumor on the organs around it For instance a mesothelioma that affects the lungs could also cause problems for the heart and intestines Blood tests can detect a substance in the blood which indicates the presence of mesothelioma These tests are not always accurate and do not replace a biopsy for mesothelioma Early detection of mesothelioma is vital to increase the chance of survival Three types of mesothelioma exist in relation to the cells that form carlsbad mesothelioma attorneys the most frequent and responds well to treatment Biphasic mesothelioma and sarcomatoid are less responsive to treatments and have a poorer prognosis Malignant pleural mesothelioma forms in the lining of the lungs called the pleura Pleural mesothelioma may be treated by a doctor using surgery or chemotherapy Two surgeries are available to treat mesothelioma that is this type extrapleural pneumonectomy EPP and pleurectomy with pericardiectomy PD Doctors may also opt for hyperthermic intraoperative chemotherapy or HIOC to reduce the chance that cancer will recur following surgery During HIOC doctors inject cancerfighting drugs directly into the surgical site They then rock the patient back and forth while bathing the site in hot chemotherapy fluids
